10. Not taking advantage of increased contribution limits. In 2002, IRA
contribution limits increased for the first time in 20 years. The
contribution limit in 2004 was $3,000, in 2005 through 2007 it is $4,000. IRA owners age 50
or older could also make an additional $500 "catch-up" contribution
in 2005, and $1,000 for 2006-2007.
9. Assuming a nonworking spouse cannot contribute. The truth is that
separate "Spousal" IRAs may be established for spouses with little or no
income up to the same limits as the working spouse.
8.
Paying unnecessary penalties on early ( pre-age 591/2
) IRA distributions.
As long as withdrawals are made in accordance with the requirements of
Section 72(t) calling for "a series of substantially equal periodic
payments," there may be no need to pay penalties on distributions from IRAs
before the owner is age 591/2. Three calculation methods give IRA owners
flexibility to take out the amount that is right for them.
7. Not listing beneficiaries or not updating IRA beneficiaries. One
of the most common mistakes made by IRA owners is either not listing a
beneficiary, which may result in distribution of the IRA assets to the IRA
owner's estate, or not updating the beneficiary designations and
coordinating them with other estate planning documents.
6. Placing the title of an IRA into a trust. Changing the actual
ownership of the IRA to a trust causes immediate taxation - including the
10% penalty tax if the IRA holder is under age 591/2.
5. Missing important dates. Estate taxes, if applicable, will be due
nine months after the IRA owner's death. The same deadline applies to
beneficiaries who wish to disclaim IRA assets. By September 30 of the year
following the year of the owner's death, the beneficiary whose life
expectancy will control the payout period must be determined. And,
generally, IRA beneficiaries must begin taking required distributions by
December 31 of that same year to avoid IRA penalties.
4. Making inappropriate spousal rollovers. Most IRAs list the owner's
spouse as the primary beneficiary, and one of the most popular strategies
for a spousal beneficiary is to simply roll that IRA into the surviving
spouse's own IRA. But it can be more tax efficient for the surviving spouse
to leave the IRA in the owner's name or disclaim the assets thereby allowing
them to pass to the contingent beneficiary.
3.
Beneficiaries not taking advantage of IRD. At death, IRAs are included
in the IRA owner's estate, creating an estate tax liability (if applicable)
as well as an income tax liability for beneficiaries. Many IRA beneficiaries
don't realize that IRAs are considered "Income with Respect to a Decedent" (IRD)
according to Section 691(c) of the IRS code. The IRD designation allows
beneficiaries to take an income tax deduction for any estate taxes paid on
the IRA's assets, thus limiting double taxation of the IRA assets.
2. Not taking advantage of the stretch distribution option or not
establishing it properly. The "Stretch IRA" is a way for nonspouse IRA
beneficiaries to maximize payouts from the IRA over their entire life
expectancy. Properly designing beneficiaries and informing them of the IRA
owner's "stretch" intentions are keys to making this strategy work.
And the #1 IRA planning mistake . . . 1. Taking the wrong RMD. New
rules regarding required minimum distributions were finalized in 2002. Many
clients may be taking too much out, but if they are not taking enough, they
may be subject to penalty tax of 50% of the amount not received as an RMD.
Source: MFS Investment Management.